The healthy vagina is home to a variety of microscopic organisms. Normally they live harmoniously in an acidic environment that prevents the overproduction of any one species and repels foreign invaders.

A number of factors can upset this balance: sexually transmitted disease organisms, pregnancy, menopause, certain medications, chronic illness, excessive douching, severe emotional stress, and clothing that holds in body heat and moisture. Diet may also play a significant role.

The best way to prevent vaginal infection is to take good care of yourself. Be sure to eat a healthy, varied diet and maintain your proper weight. Alleviate stress through exercise, meditation, and other tension-relieving activities. Be sure your clothing "breathes," avoid tight garments and fabrics containing a high percentage of synthetic fiber. Use condoms and a spermicide to prevent sexually transmitted infections.

Odor-producing bacteria can thrive on the vulva and must be cleaned off. Most women find that washing the genital area daily with a simple, fragrance-free soap keeps them feeling fresh. Heavier women, frequent exercisers, and those who wear pantyhose may need to wash more often to keep the number of vulvar bacteria low.

Since your vagina is essentially self-cleaning, douching is unnecessary. Never douche more than once or twice monthly, and use plain water or a water and vinegar mixture when you do. Frequent douching upsets the delicate balance between good and bad bacteria in the vaginal ecosystem. Studies have found that women who douche regularly are at greater risk of contracting vaginal infections and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.

Feminine hygiene sprays are both a waste of money and a source of skin irritation; healthy vaginal discharge has no unpleasant odor. However, tampons and diaphragms left too long in the vagina can create a terrible smell. If this happens, simply remove the forgotten object, douche once with vinegar and water or Betadine solution (both are available without prescription), and save yourself a trip to the gynecologist!