An episiotomy is an incision made in the tissue between the vagina and anus (perineum) during childbirth, just before the baby's head is delivered. An episiotomy may be done to help deliver the baby or to help prevent the muscles and skin from tearing.

After delivery, an episiotomy incision is stitched closed. Episiotomies can be different depths. For instance, a second-degree episiotomy is a relatively small incision, while a fourth-degree episiotomy extends from the vagina into the rectum. Smaller episiotomies heal faster and with less pain.