Image tests, such as MRI or CT scan, are often done after a first seizure and are recommended in other situations.

An MRI or CT scan may be done immediately if you had a seizure along with confusion, or new motor or sensory problems that did not improve soon after the seizure ended. Ongoing headache or fever, AIDS, recent head trauma, cancer, or anticoagulant therapy also increases the likelihood that the seizure was related to a serious brain problem. The nature of the seizure and your age can also help determine whether an imaging test is needed.

Image tests may be used before epilepsy surgery to pinpoint the exact location of a problem in the brain. With their ability to detect brain lesions, scans can also be helpful in deciding whether it is safe to stop treatment with medicine. The presence of lesions increases your risk of having seizures if you stop taking medicine.