Other conditions with symptoms similar to hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) may include:

• Flu (influenza).
• Pneumonia.
• Kidney infection (pyelonephritis).
• Acute (or adult) respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
• Heart and lung failure (cardiopulmonary arrest).
• Tuberculosis.
• Viral or bacterial infections that may be found in rodents or transmitted by ticks or fleas, such as Lyme disease, rickettsial disease, or plague.
• Goodpasture's syndrome.
• Other related viruses (Seoul, Dobrava, Hantaan, and Puumala) found in other parts of the world. These cause a spectrum of diseases called hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Many of the first symptoms of HFRS resemble hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, but the later symptoms of HFRS may include a high fever, kidney failure, and bleeding disorders.