We're in the midst of flu and cold season, so let's review some facts about this cyclical disease and some ways to reduce your chances of coming down with a case of influenza (flu).
Influenza is a specific illness caused by one of several types of influenza virus. While common colds and intestinal illnesses are often called "flu," they are not influenza. Typical symptoms of influenza include high fever, headache, severe muscle aches, fatigue, sore throat, and cough. The best description I've heard of how bad it feels is that "you think you might die, but you're afraid you won't."
While most people recover from influenza after one to two weeks, the fact is that in the U.S. alone almost 40,000 people die from its complications every year, and another 200,000 wind up in the hospital. Influenza typically occurs in cold weather months - November through March in most of the U.S.
How can you reduce your chances of getting the flu? Follow these two simple steps:
- Wash your hands frequently
- Get a flu vaccine - either the shot or the inhaled nasal version
Anyone who wants to avoid infection should take the vaccine, but it is especially recommended for people with these characteristics, who may have severe complications from the disease:
- Over 50 years old or between 6 months and 5 years old
- Pregnant or planning to get pregnant during flu season
- Chronic lung disease, such as asthma or emphysema
- Coronary artery disease or other forms of heart disease
- Diabetes
- Reduced immune function due to illness or medications
- Chronic disease affecting the liver, kidney, or blood function
- Crowded living conditions, as in dormitories or nursing homes
- In close contact with someone at higher risk
Flu vaccine comes out in late September or October, and remains available (and beneficial) throughout the winter. Many grocery stores and drugstores offer flu vaccination clinics on certain days. You can also usually get it from your doctor, your local health department, or at a private vaccine clinic.
