Nerve problems associated with diabetes are most likely caused by diabetic neuropathy, although nerve problems may also be caused by other conditions. Tests that may be done to rule out other conditions include:

• Complete blood count, which checks red and white blood cell levels, to evaluate a wide range of symptoms.
• Electrolyte levels, which checks levels in the body such as sodium, potassium, creatinine, glucose, calcium.
• Thyroid function tests, such as testing for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.
• Tests to evaluate levels of B12, folic acid, and other vitamins and minerals to check for deficiencies.
• Sedimentation rate (ESR), to check for vasculitis.
• A test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection if you and your doctor think you may be at risk.
• Syphilis screening.
• Tests for Lyme disease if you and your doctor think you have been exposed to an infected tick.