Other conditions that may need to be ruled out when diagnosing prostatitis include:

• A bladder infection.
• Urethritis, especially if caused by a sexually transmitted disease, such as chlamydia.
• A kidney infection.
• Prostate enlargement (benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH] or prostate cancer).
• Presence of a bladder or kidney stone.
• A narrow spot in the urethra.
• Inflammation or irritation of the bladder (interstitial cystitis), which is rare in men.
• Complete inability to urinate (acute urinary retention).
• Bladder cancer.