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Physical exam for eating disorders

Healthwise
By Jeannette Curtis

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During a physical exam for eating disorders, the health professional will:

  • Check your weight and compares it with the expected weight for someone of the same height and age. Generally, a body mass index (BMI) that is equal to or less than 17.5 in adults is considered underweight.1
  • Check your blood pressure, pulse, and temperature. Many people who have eating disorders have a sudden drop in blood pressure when they sit up from a lying position or stand up from a sitting position.
  • Listen to your heart and lungs.
  • Examine your belly for anything unusual.
  • Check your hands and feet for swelling.

Other physical signs include:2

  • Dry skin.
  • Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmia).
  • Thinning or dull hair on the head and unexpected fine hair growth on the body.
  • Low blood pressure (especially when you stand up).
  • Low heart rate.
  • Low body temperature.

Because vomiting is often part of an eating disorder, the health professional may also check for:3

  • Inflamed or diseased teeth and gums or erosion of tooth enamel.
  • Swollen glands in the neck.
  • Broken blood vessels in the eyes.
  • Teeth marks on the back of the hands or calluses on the knuckles from self-induced vomiting.
  • Loose skin.
  • Sores in the mouth.

References

Citations

  1. Steering Committee on Practice Guidelines, American Psychiatric Association (2006). Treating eating disorders: A quick reference guide. Available online: www.psych.org/psych_pract/treatg/quick_ref_guide/EDs_QRG.pdf.

  2. Committee on Adolescence, American Academy of Pediatrics (2003). Policy statement: Identifying and treating eating disorders. Pediatrics, 111(1): 204–211.

  3. Fairburn CG, Harrison PJ (2003). Eating disorders. Lancet, 361(9355): 407–416.

Credits

Author Jeannette Curtis
Editor Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA
Associate Editor Pat Truman, MATC
Primary Medical Reviewer Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine
Specialist Medical Reviewer W. Stewart Agras, MD - Psychiatry
Last Updated September 25, 2007
Last Updated: 09/25/2007