The following table lists the advantages and disadvantages of using intrauterine devices (IUDs) as a birth control method.
Deciding about the IUD birth control method
| Consideration |
IUDs |
| Advantages |
- More than 99% effective in preventing pregnancy1
- Most cost-effective method of birth control over time
- Easy to use
- Does not require interruption of foreplay or intercourse
- Does not require cooperation of sexual partner
- Safe to use while breast-feeding
- Can be removed whenever you have problems or want to stop using it. Fertility returns with the first ovulation cycle following IUD removal.
- Progestin (LNg IUD) relieves heavy menstrual bleeding and cramping in most women
- Copper IUD can be used for emergency contraception within 5 days of unprotected intercourse
- Can be inserted after a normal vaginal delivery, a cesarean section, or a first-trimester abortion
|
| Disadvantages |
- Costs several hundred dollars for insertion. (This cost may be covered by your health insurance. Some community clinics may offer insertion and removal at a reduced rate or free to low-income clients.) If the IUD is expelled, it costs just as much to get a new one. Having an IUD removed is also costly. However, if an IUD is used for 5 years or longer, it is the most cost-effective form of birth control.
- Only a health professional can remove the IUD. Never attempt to remove the IUD yourself or allow a partner to try to remove it.
- Does not provide protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or HIV. (A condom is needed for STD protection.)
- When inserted, can spread a genital infection into the uterus, leading to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in the first months after insertion. This is why you are screened for STDs before getting an IUD.
|
References
Citations
-
Grimes DA (2004). Intrauterine devices (IUDs). In RA Hatcher et al., eds., Contraceptive Technology, 18th ed., pp. 495–530. New York: Ardent Media.
Credits
|
Author
|
Merrill Hayden |
|
Editor
|
Kathleen M. Ariss, MS |
|
Associate Editor
|
Terrina Vail |
|
Primary Medical Reviewer
|
Joy Melnikow, MD, MPH
- Family Medicine |
|
Specialist Medical Reviewer
|
Kirtly Jones, MD
- Obstetrics and Gynecology |
|
Last Updated
|
May 23, 2006 |
Last Updated: 05/23/2006
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