Chilblains (perniosis, also known as pernio) is a reaction to cold, nonfreezing temperatures. It is seen most often in young people who have Raynaud's syndrome and people who are exposed to damp, cold weather.
Symptoms develop 2 to 14 hours after exposure to cold and usually affect the hands, ears, lower legs, or feet. Symptoms include:
- Local redness and swelling.
- Skin bumps.
- Changes in sensation, such as itching or burning.
- Tender blue bumps that develop after rewarming.
- Blisters and ulcers (in severe cases).
Treatment includes rewarming the affected areas, caring for any blisters that form, and avoiding reexposure to cold.
Credits
| Author | Jan Nissl, RN, BS |
| Editor | Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA |
| Associate Editor | Tracy Landauer |
| Primary Medical Reviewer | William M. Green, MD - Emergency Medicine |
| Specialist Medical Reviewer | H. Michael O'Connor, MD - Emergency Medicine |
| Last Updated | July 5, 2007 |
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