Osteoarthritis is a condition in which the cartilage that protects and cushions the joints breaks down over time. Eventually, the bones—formerly separated by the cartilage—rub against each other, resulting in damage to the tissue and underlying bone and causing painful joint symptoms.

Osteoarthritis is common in the joints of the toes. It is most often found in the joint where the big toe joins the foot. It is also common in the smaller joints of the other toes.