If a rash caused by atopic dermatitis does not clear up, it may be infected.

• Viral infections, such as herpes simplex, may be treated with medication that slows or stops viral growth (antiviral medication).
• Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics. If the infected area is small, a topical antibiotic such as mupirocin may be put directly on the infected area. A serious infection with Staphylococcus aureus can be treated with oral (systemic) antibiotics such as erythromycin or dicloxacillin. Long-term antibiotic therapy may be useful if you have recurring attacks of atopic dermatitis triggered by bacteria growing on the skin.
• Fungal infections are treated with medications that kill fungi (antifungals). These medications may be applied to the skin or taken by mouth.